The Synthesis of New Organoselenium Heterocyclic Compounds: 2‐aryl‐4‐phenyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4H‐selenochromenes

We have explored the reactions of 2‐(3‐oxo‐1‐aryl‐3‐phenylpropyl)cyclohexanone ( 1–3 ) with hydrogen selenide in situ in conditions of acid catalysis, and synthesized new 2‐aryl‐4‐phenyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4H‐selenochromenes ( 4–6 ).     

Reactivity with Amines of Bis(cyanamide) and Bis(cyanoguanidine) Complexes of the Iron Triad

Treatment of bis(cyanamide) [M(N≡CNEt₂)₂L₄](BPh₄)₂ and bis(cyanoguanidine) [M{N≡CN(H)C(NH₂)=NH}₂L₄](BPh₄)₂ complexes [M = Fe, Ru, Os; L = P(OEt)₃] with an excess of amine RNH₂ (R = nPr, iPr) affords mixed‐ligand complexes with cyanamide and amine [M(NH₂R)(N≡CNEt₂)L₄](BPh₄)₂ ( 1a – 5a ) and [M(NH₂R){N≡CN(H)C(NH₂)=NH}L₄](BPh₄)₂ ( 1b , 2b ). The complexes were characterized by spectroscopy and X‐ray crystal structure determination of [M(NH₂iPr)(N≡CNEt₂){P(OEt)₃}₄](BPh₄)₂ [M = Ru ( 3a ), Os ( 5a )].     

Biocatalytic Synthesis of the Anti‐diabetes Agent‐corosolic Acid by Whole Cells of Microorganisms

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent and costly global diseases. For diabetes, frequent insulin treatment and synthetic drugs are very expensive and may cause unwanted side effects. Corosolic acid (CA), a natural product, was reported to be efficient in the treatment of diabetes, meanwhile without induction of anti‐insulin antibodies and obesity. The preparation of CA attracted many researchers in the world. This study investigated the biocatalytic synthesis method of CA from ursolic acid by Streptomyces griseus subsp. griseus 4.18. LC? MS analysis demonstrated that 5 day, 125 μg/mL substrate, pH=9 and 10% strain concentration were the appropriate conditions. It is estimated that biocatalysis will contribute to the development of green and sustainable synthetic processes with less time‐consuming and more environmentally friendly.     

基于氮掺杂活性炭催化氧化合成氮甲基氧化吗啉的研究

以三聚氰胺为氮源,商用活性炭为研究对象,通过“浸渍吸附+高温热处理”的方式制得系列氮掺杂活性炭,并用于催化氧化合成氮甲基氧化吗啉（NMMO）。采用N₂吸附/脱附、Raman、XPS等对氮掺杂活性炭的孔结构和表面性质进行了表征。结果表明：随着三聚氰胺负载量的增大,氮掺杂活性炭的表面碱性含氮官能团含量增大,进而体现出更好的催化氧化合成NMMO活性。最佳催化剂（ACO850-20N）在催化剂加量为0.02 wt%,反应温度70 ℃和反应时间4 h的工艺条件下,氮甲基吗啉的转化率和NMMO收率可达99.76%和94.31%。      

Synthesis and characterization of CuO nanoparticles utilizing waste fish scale and exploitation of XRD peak profile analysis for approximating the structural parameters

In this research, we strived to utilize waste fish scale (labeo rohita) for synthesizing CuO nano-particles (CuO NPs), which gained much attention due to its distinctive properties and versatile applications. Upon the heat treatment, the collagen content of the fish scale got transformed into gelatin which in turn converted the precursor material into CuO NPs. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of CuO NPs and revealed the structure to be of monoclinic lattice. The structural parameters i.e. crystallite size, lattice parameters, microstrain, dislocation density was evaluated for the synthesized CuO NPs using the XRD data. Scherrer’s Method (SM), Scherrer Equation Average Method (SEAM), Linear Straight Line Method (LSLM), Straight Line Passing the Origin Method (SLPOM), Monshi Scherrer Method (MSM), Williamson-Hall Method (WHM), Size-Strain Plot Method (SSPM), Halder-Wagner Method (HWM) was exploited for the estimation of crystallite size. According to the calculations, the crystallite size was found to be 87 nm, 41 nm, 1980 nm, 62 nm, 66 nm, 28 nm, 13 nm, 13 nm respectively and the dislocation density was found to be 1.32 × 10^-4, 5.95 × 10^-4, 0.002 × 10^-4, 2.60 × 10^-4, 2.29 × 10^-4, 12.75 × 10^-4, 59.17 × 10^-4 and 59.17 × 10^-4 respectively. UV–Vis absorption analysis also confirmed the formation of CuO NPs based on the absorption peak at 262 nm (λ_max) and Tauc Plot method was used to calculate the optical band gap which was 3.84 eV. Functional group, especially the Cu-O bonding was confirmed by the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) data. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) showed three different shapes of CuO NPs which was also confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Particle size was determined based on FESEM and TEM image using imageJ software and also by the Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique. Thermal analysis showed a four stage weight loss in case of Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis and three conversion steps was observed in Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) analysis. Such synthesis pathway is evidently green and facile for synthesizing CuO NPs with potentiality of various applications and also utilization of waste fish scale is a perquisite.     

Applications of covalent organic frameworks (COFs):From gas storage and separation to drug delivery

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of porous covalent organic structures whose backbones were composed of light elements (B, C, N, O, Si) and linked by robust covalent bonds to endow such material with desirable properties, i.e., inherent porosity, well-defined pore aperture, ordered channel structure, large surface area, high stability, and multi-dimension. As expected, the above-mentioned properties of COFs broaden the applications of this class of materials in various fields such as gas storage and separation, catalysis, optoelectronics, sensing, small molecules adsorption, and drug delivery. In this review, we outlined the synthesis of COFs and highlighted their applications ranging from the initial gas storage and separation to drug delivery.     

Six-step synthesis of Leonurine and toxicity study on zebrafish

Leonurine (1), an important ingredient in leonurus sibiricus L., can be used for some gynecological disease. We have developed a concise and efficient synthetic route of Leonurine, which can be optimized for mass production. Commercially available compound 6 and 2,3-dihydrofuran (7) were used as starting materials. And the toxicity study on zebrafish shows that Leonurine would promote the hatching of zebrafish embryos at low concentration and result in acute death or chronic lethal toxicity at high concentration.     

煤基费托合成油中微量总铁的测定

铁系催化剂的残留污染一直是煤间接液化技术生产费托合成油工艺生产和产品质量控制的重点关注问题之一。准确分析合成油中微量残留铁的含量已成为工艺开发过程中至关重要的手段。该文对不同检测方法进行了对比,以燃烧灰化样品等离子体发射光谱检测铁含量的方法对不同沸点的合成油样品进行了验证,并通过实验数据优化了检测方法中的关键步骤。经验证费托合成油样品前处理最优条件为称样量5 g,马弗炉于500℃灰化1 h。该法对铁含量测定的回收率大于95%,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于5.7%,检出限及定量下限分别为0.15 mg/kg和0.50 mg/kg。     

新型环合靛蓝衍生物的合成及性质

设计合成了基于环合靛蓝单元的Donor-Acceptor(D-A)型小分子——2,2'-(-(((2,9-双(5-(2-癸基十四烷基)噻吩-2-基)-6,13-二氧代-6,13-二氢二吲哚[3,2,1de:3',2',1'-ij][1,5]萘啶-7,14-二基)双(噻吩-5,2-二基))双(甲基叉))双(3-氧-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2,1-二叉))二丙二腈(MT-BAI-TM).采用密度泛函(DFT)理论计算了该化合物的前线分子轨道分布.利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和循环伏安法分析了化合物的能级和带隙特征;通过掠入射宽角X射线散射实验(GIWAXS)测试了旋涂薄膜样品S-1内MT-BAI-TM分子的堆积取向.MT-BAT-TM的深吸收、高电子亲和势及面向上(Face-on)堆积特征表明,其具有受体型有机半导体材料的性质.     

CoFe2O4纳米阵列催化剂的费托合成性能研究

通过可控的水热生长方法和钴铁碳酸根氢氧根水合物的焙烧在泡沫铁上制备了CoFe₂O₄纳米阵列催化剂。通过粉末X射线衍射,扫描电镜和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱表征了CoFe₂O₄纳米阵列的晶相,结构和组成。制备的催化剂被用于费托合成性能研究。CoFe₂O₄纳米阵列催化剂在5L/（g·h）的空速下具有69%的转化率,并且其性能优于粉体催化剂。